Posted by Harry Lee on March 16, 2009 at 8:31 pm
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SS Pile and also known as Super Strength Pile has higher strength to carry higher loads of building with lesser pile point, it saves the cost and more economic. Contractor like to use this piling method on those high building and large structure. There is few steps to install or drive the SS piles, it’s economic piling method but it takes time to install as well. Every types of piles have their own pile driving procedure, so the pile driving method is slight different compare with the piling driving procedure for normal spun pile or bored pile. Piling machine used is different as well.
How To Install Super Strength Pile or SS Pile
1) Driving of PilesPlace the cushion, helmet and gammer on the pile head with adequate alignment. Check verticality of the pile to BS 8004 requirements. After several blows, check pile location and alignment again. Concentricity of driving equipment and pile shall be maintained at all times.
When driving to soft ground, adjust the hammer drop so as not to induce excessive tensile stress in the pile. Driving should proceed without interruption until the pile reaches the expected depth or blow count (ie. penetration mm/10 blows).
2) Joint WeldingWhen a pile has been driven close to the ground level and an extension is required, the driving must be immediately stopped. Joint plates are to be cleaned thoroughly from mud, dust, oil and other residues detrimental to the welding. Cleaning can be done by using wire brush and some solvents in between runs of weld.
Three guide plates at 120 angle to each other are set up on the driven pile before the extension pile is being lowered to sit concentrically over it. The two piles will be alligned automatically. Welders should be qualified to BS 4872 welding test.
Welding is performed by means of either manual or semi-automatic arc welding. For manual welding, electrodes should be selected carefully and conform to type E41 of BS 5135 as a minimum or higher if deemed necessary. Semi-automatic welding should be non-gas shield arc welding.
Throat depth should be filled with more than two layers of welding materials and slag removed in between layers. Metal oxide paint can be applied as an anticorrosion measure. The welding must be checked before driving proceeds.
3) Driving EquipmentSS Piles are usually installed by percussion method. In certain cases where underground obstructions such as large boulders are encountered, special shoes (i.e. conical, oslo point or pipe shoe) or pre-augering may be necessary. The driving hammer type (hydraulic or diesel) and size must be carefully selected to install the piles successfully without any damage to the pile itself (BS 8004). Two plumb guides at right angles to each other are normally used to ensure verticality of the pile during driving. Spirit levels and theodolites have also been proven useful.
4) Helmet and CushioningCorrect helmet dimensions is critical in curbing the vibration and/or movement of the pile head hence maintaining fixity and eccentricity of hammer to pile.
The inner diameter of the helmet should have a small but not larger than 30mm clearance over the outside diameter of the pile which needs to be wedged tight. The hammer ram must be kept concentric with the pile head to minimize secondary stresses arising from the piling activity.
Adequate timber cushioning is also very significant as it ensures uniform transmission of driving energy. Thickness of cushion is a minimum of 100mm for hard wood for 300mm Ø to 400mm Ø piles and a minimum of 150mm for larger sizes. Since stiffness of the cushioning material increases with repeated compaction.
5) Set CriterionA pile is considered set when the calculated set criterion is met (penetration mm/10blows) or the required penetration depth reached. Bearing capacity of the pile can then be further checked with a load test afterthe pore water pressure has dissipated. PDA and driving formulae checks are also useful.
6) Pile Head Preparation
Piles should be cut using a diamond cutter. Hacking is not recommended as it will generate micro cracks in the concrete. Pile Anchorage Details show suggested anchorage reinforcement. However, reinforcement may be redesigned to cater for individual project specifications.
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Simple Sketch For Pile Driving
Posted by Harry Lee on March 13, 2009 at 9:38 pm
Pile driving is the process which the piling machine drives the piles into the ground, the purpose is to strengthen the soft soil so that the soil able to support the weights or load of the buildings. Besides of building, piling also been using in bridges and wharf. Piles can be made of structural steel, pressure treated timber, hollow steel casing, reinforced concrete, or prestressed concrete. Types of piles used is depending on the condition of soil and surround environment, it may affect the total cost of piling works.
Sketch For Pile Driving
In the process of pile driving, it requires few piling equipment such as piles, piling machine, pile hammer, cushions and etc. Here is the sketch and rough definitions for pile driving :
1) CraneCrane or piling machine is used to drive the piles into the ground.
2) HammerHammer normally made from steel. It’s used to knock on the top of pile and drive the pile into the ground.
3) CushionCushion is used to put at the top of pile which the place that hammer will hit on. The purpose is to reduce the friction between pile and hammer, so that the pile will not be crack easily.
4) LeadsLeads is used to support the hammer and handle the pile vertically. Leads will be handled by crane or piling machine.
5) PilePile is the structure that will be driven into the earth to strength the soft soil and carry the load of buildings.
6) TemplateTemplate is like a framework that used to carry the pile, so that the pile can be driven in the right pile point.
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What Is Piling
Posted by Harry Lee on March 9, 2009 at 8:56 am
Piling is a type of ground treatment which is driving a pile into the ground below ground level. Except sheet pile, other piles like concrete pile, timber pile, steel pile, bored pile are used to transfer the building load to the ground. It’s used to strengthen the soil so that the ground able to support the load of the building. While sheet pile is usually used to support lateral load and act as a supporting wall.
There is a lot of different types of piles in the market, many other type of piles have been occurred in the market and still increasing due to improvement of piling technology. Driving method, type of piling machine, procedure of piling are all take into consideration in choosing type of pile.
Length Of Pile
Normally the length of the pile can be 3metres, 6metres, 9metres and 12metres. The depth of piling to be driven into the ground is depending on the condition of ground. If a length of 3m, 6m, 9m, or 12m pile is not enough to support the load of building, another 3m, 6m, 9m, or 12m pile will be joint to the first pile and continuously until it’s strong enough to support the load of building. Or so, the first pile or we called it as “starter pile” will be driving in until it can’t be driven in anymore.
Precast And Cast-In-Situ Pile
Pile can be done in precast concrete pile or cast-in-situ concrete pile. Normally precast concrete pile is used for building work or we can known it as spun pile or RC square pile (Reinforcement concrete square pile). While cast-in-situ concrete pile is used for bridge work or we can known it as bored pile because bridge work has a larger load compare to building work.
Nowadays, piling work is an important ground supporter and is a must to be used on construction unless the condition of soil is hard and strong enough to support the load of building.
Bookmark
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SS Pile and also known as Super Strength Pile has higher strength to carry higher loads of building with lesser pile point, it saves the cost and more economic. Contractor like to use this piling method on those high building and large structure. There is few steps to install or drive the SS piles, it’s economic piling method but it takes time to install as well. Every types of piles have their own pile driving procedure, so the pile driving method is slight different compare with the piling driving procedure for normal spun pile or bored pile. Piling machine used is different as well.
How To Install Super Strength Pile or SS Pile
1) Driving of PilesPlace the cushion, helmet and gammer on the pile head with adequate alignment. Check verticality of the pile to BS 8004 requirements. After several blows, check pile location and alignment again. Concentricity of driving equipment and pile shall be maintained at all times.
When driving to soft ground, adjust the hammer drop so as not to induce excessive tensile stress in the pile. Driving should proceed without interruption until the pile reaches the expected depth or blow count (ie. penetration mm/10 blows).
2) Joint WeldingWhen a pile has been driven close to the ground level and an extension is required, the driving must be immediately stopped. Joint plates are to be cleaned thoroughly from mud, dust, oil and other residues detrimental to the welding. Cleaning can be done by using wire brush and some solvents in between runs of weld.
Three guide plates at 120 angle to each other are set up on the driven pile before the extension pile is being lowered to sit concentrically over it. The two piles will be alligned automatically. Welders should be qualified to BS 4872 welding test.
Welding is performed by means of either manual or semi-automatic arc welding. For manual welding, electrodes should be selected carefully and conform to type E41 of BS 5135 as a minimum or higher if deemed necessary. Semi-automatic welding should be non-gas shield arc welding.
Throat depth should be filled with more than two layers of welding materials and slag removed in between layers. Metal oxide paint can be applied as an anticorrosion measure. The welding must be checked before driving proceeds.
3) Driving EquipmentSS Piles are usually installed by percussion method. In certain cases where underground obstructions such as large boulders are encountered, special shoes (i.e. conical, oslo point or pipe shoe) or pre-augering may be necessary. The driving hammer type (hydraulic or diesel) and size must be carefully selected to install the piles successfully without any damage to the pile itself (BS 8004). Two plumb guides at right angles to each other are normally used to ensure verticality of the pile during driving. Spirit levels and theodolites have also been proven useful.
4) Helmet and CushioningCorrect helmet dimensions is critical in curbing the vibration and/or movement of the pile head hence maintaining fixity and eccentricity of hammer to pile.
The inner diameter of the helmet should have a small but not larger than 30mm clearance over the outside diameter of the pile which needs to be wedged tight. The hammer ram must be kept concentric with the pile head to minimize secondary stresses arising from the piling activity.
Adequate timber cushioning is also very significant as it ensures uniform transmission of driving energy. Thickness of cushion is a minimum of 100mm for hard wood for 300mm Ø to 400mm Ø piles and a minimum of 150mm for larger sizes. Since stiffness of the cushioning material increases with repeated compaction.
5) Set CriterionA pile is considered set when the calculated set criterion is met (penetration mm/10blows) or the required penetration depth reached. Bearing capacity of the pile can then be further checked with a load test afterthe pore water pressure has dissipated. PDA and driving formulae checks are also useful.
6) Pile Head Preparation
Piles should be cut using a diamond cutter. Hacking is not recommended as it will generate micro cracks in the concrete. Pile Anchorage Details show suggested anchorage reinforcement. However, reinforcement may be redesigned to cater for individual project specifications.
Bookmark
Hide Sites
$$('div.d26').each( function(e) { e.visualEffect('slide_up',{duration:0.5}) });
Archived under Piling, Super Strength Pile Comments
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Simple Sketch For Pile Driving
Posted by Harry Lee on March 13, 2009 at 9:38 pm
Pile driving is the process which the piling machine drives the piles into the ground, the purpose is to strengthen the soft soil so that the soil able to support the weights or load of the buildings. Besides of building, piling also been using in bridges and wharf. Piles can be made of structural steel, pressure treated timber, hollow steel casing, reinforced concrete, or prestressed concrete. Types of piles used is depending on the condition of soil and surround environment, it may affect the total cost of piling works.
Sketch For Pile Driving
In the process of pile driving, it requires few piling equipment such as piles, piling machine, pile hammer, cushions and etc. Here is the sketch and rough definitions for pile driving :
1) CraneCrane or piling machine is used to drive the piles into the ground.
2) HammerHammer normally made from steel. It’s used to knock on the top of pile and drive the pile into the ground.
3) CushionCushion is used to put at the top of pile which the place that hammer will hit on. The purpose is to reduce the friction between pile and hammer, so that the pile will not be crack easily.
4) LeadsLeads is used to support the hammer and handle the pile vertically. Leads will be handled by crane or piling machine.
5) PilePile is the structure that will be driven into the earth to strength the soft soil and carry the load of buildings.
6) TemplateTemplate is like a framework that used to carry the pile, so that the pile can be driven in the right pile point.
Bookmark
Hide Sites
$$('div.d22').each( function(e) { e.visualEffect('slide_up',{duration:0.5}) });
Archived under Piling Comments
-->
What Is Piling
Posted by Harry Lee on March 9, 2009 at 8:56 am
Piling is a type of ground treatment which is driving a pile into the ground below ground level. Except sheet pile, other piles like concrete pile, timber pile, steel pile, bored pile are used to transfer the building load to the ground. It’s used to strengthen the soil so that the ground able to support the load of the building. While sheet pile is usually used to support lateral load and act as a supporting wall.
There is a lot of different types of piles in the market, many other type of piles have been occurred in the market and still increasing due to improvement of piling technology. Driving method, type of piling machine, procedure of piling are all take into consideration in choosing type of pile.
Length Of Pile
Normally the length of the pile can be 3metres, 6metres, 9metres and 12metres. The depth of piling to be driven into the ground is depending on the condition of ground. If a length of 3m, 6m, 9m, or 12m pile is not enough to support the load of building, another 3m, 6m, 9m, or 12m pile will be joint to the first pile and continuously until it’s strong enough to support the load of building. Or so, the first pile or we called it as “starter pile” will be driving in until it can’t be driven in anymore.
Precast And Cast-In-Situ Pile
Pile can be done in precast concrete pile or cast-in-situ concrete pile. Normally precast concrete pile is used for building work or we can known it as spun pile or RC square pile (Reinforcement concrete square pile). While cast-in-situ concrete pile is used for bridge work or we can known it as bored pile because bridge work has a larger load compare to building work.
Nowadays, piling work is an important ground supporter and is a must to be used on construction unless the condition of soil is hard and strong enough to support the load of building.
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